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World of CitrusWorld of CitrusKishu Mandarin
University of California, Riverside — Citrus Variety Collection
https://citrusvariety.ucr.edu/crc3906 (opens in a new tab)
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Tokurou Shimizu et al. · PLOS ONE · 2016-11-30
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0166969 (opens in a new tab)
Open-access DNA-marker study (CC BY 4.0). Apply only to the study accessions and preserve the authors’ stated identity and parentage limits; it does not by itself establish the identity of every catalog tree or clone bearing a matching cultivar name.
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Ed Able Solutions · YouTube · 2025-12-05
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PJ46TmWv62E (opens in a new tab)
Summary from transcript: At Four Winds Nursery, speakers compare Kishu Mandarin with Owari Satsuma. At 5:41–7:51, they call Kishu naturally dwarfing and container-suitable, very easy to peel, tiny, juicy, and apparently virtually seedless in the displayed sample; they say it gets sweeter once well ripened and characterize it as less hardy than Owari. Native English auto-captions cover 0:03–7:55. Rootstock, harvest date, sample number, and analytical method are unstated; the cold comparison is nursery guidance, not a measured event.
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Steven Murray’s Rare Fruit! · YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uxy8_2KbjWw (opens in a new tab)
Summary from transcript: Native English auto-generated captions reviewed across the 3:19 video. A clearly separate Kishu segment occurs at 2:26–3:14; presenter identifies the trees/fruits as Kishu and describes them as mini mandarins that open/peel easily; captions indicate the peeled mandarin is eaten whole and is seedless. The specimen/sample count and site/rootstock are unstated. Earlier caption at 2:03 that appears to say Kishu occurs within an ambiguous Fukushu/Nagami sentence and is not used. Exact publication date not verified.
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BerryGuy · Growing Fruit forum · 2022-01-05
Forum post by BerryGuy, Jan. 5, 2022. The grower reports a 3-gallon Kishu mandarin in its first fruiting season produced 70 small fruits, described as tasty without a scored taste dimension. The plant was said to be about the same size as the grower’s Fukushu. Rootstock, location, and fruit maturity criteria are unstated.
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Tom McClendon · YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7elhhuy7L5M (opens in a new tab)
Summary from transcript: English auto-generated captions, 0:02–12:42. At 11:28–12:08 McClendon identifies a Kishu Mandarin, says it has been in-ground since 2018, and reports that it was covered with pine-straw bales when temperatures reached “11°” in 2022. The tree died back to about a foot above the graft union, survived and recovered, bore no fruit in 2023, some in 2024, and was expected to carry a larger crop in 2025. The transcript states degrees but not the temperature unit; no numeric minimum or exposure duration is encoded. This Kishu report is distinct from Keraji elsewhere in the video. The spoken July 7, 2025 date is the observation/recording date; exact upload date is unverified.
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Tom McClendon · YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UR0ooUwHaPQ (opens in a new tab)
Summary from transcript: English auto-generated captions, 0:01–10:08. At 1:15–1:32 McClendon identifies his Kishu tree, says it was severely hit by a freeze a couple of years before the Nov. 2, 2024 recording, then recovered and produced a large crop in 2024. At 7:47–8:23 he reports that his Kishu was left unprotected the previous winter when the site dropped to about “16 or 17” degrees for a short duration, without damage. The unit is not spoken, so no numeric minimum or duration is encoded; this is a second, distinct winter report. He also describes Kishu as less hardy than Keraji, but provides no controlled comparison. Exact upload date is unverified.
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Tom McClendon · YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3aM3tejxqYU (opens in a new tab)
Summary from transcript: English auto-generated captions reviewed 0:02–8:25 of 8:28. McClendon identifies and tastes a Kishu sample at 2:52–4:20 during a tasting he dates to September 3, 2024. He says the displayed sample has no seed and that he has never found a seed in his own Kishu fruit; he calls the early-season fruit “very sweet” and “a little tart,” and says it is fully edible. This is one sample plus the presenter’s experience, not a cultivar-wide seedlessness claim or a report on the distinct Seedless Kishu selection.
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dpla97 · Growing Fruit forum · 2024-01-01
https://growingfruit.org/t/kishu-mandarin/59239 (opens in a new tab)
Thread opened by dpla97 on Jan. 1, 2024. Later posts describe separate contributors’ Kishu grafts, store-bought fruit and trees: one household comment calls the small fruit delicious and easy to peel; one contributor reports finding a seed in grocery-store Kishu; other posts describe heavy set on a small graft and abundant set followed by defoliation. These are distinct grower accounts; none identifies the named Seedless Kishu selection.
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Laura LaRosa (7b) · Houzz Discussions
https://www.houzz.com/discussions/4850719/my-first-kishu (opens in a new tab)
Laura LaRosa reports one nearly orange fruit from a Kishu tree that was not vigorous. She describes it as sweet but not sickly sweet, almost crispy yet juicy, and very easy to peel; in a follow-up she confirms the fruit was seedless. She later identifies the tree as from Four Winds and says its rootstock was unknown. The page displays only a relative age, so no calendar publication date is assigned. This single fruit is not identified as the named Seedless Kishu selection.
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Four Winds Growers (@fourwindsgrowers) · Instagram · 2023-11-04
https://www.instagram.com/p/CzOsYprr-nx/?hl=en (opens in a new tab)
Four Winds Growers’ Nov. 4, 2023 caption describes Kishu generally as small, sweet, juicy, typically seedless, thin-skinned and easy to peel, with a usual Nov.–Jan. season. Its general cold-hardiness wording conflicts with the accompanying advice to protect potted trees from freezing. It reports no identified tree, accession, fruit sample or measurement; do not treat it as a specimen trial or evidence about the distinct Seedless Kishu selection.
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MrClint · Growing Fruit forum · 2016-10-26
https://growingfruit.org/t/kishu-mandarin-nothing-to-sneeze-at/7613 (opens in a new tab)
Thread opened by MrClint on Oct. 26, 2016. He describes his Four Winds Kishu tree as loaded with fruit still green-shouldered, says one peeled fruit had a wonderful perfume, and calls it a winner even slightly early; he advises not waiting for full orange. In a later post he calls the tree a well-behaved, productive dwarf and says he bought it directly from Four Winds. The fruit description is his own early-harvest report; no rootstock, harvest date, or taste-intensity measurement is provided.
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Ed Able Solutions · YouTube · 2024-11-15
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uHEs5NF_hRM (opens in a new tab)
Summary from transcript: English auto-generated captions, 0:00–5:14 of 5:17. The speaker describes a roughly 22-year-old Kishu on C-35/trifoliate rootstock that the growers regularly prune and say produces well (0:16–1:26). In a tasting she describes the fruit as puffy under the skin and easy to peel and segment, with “really high sugar” and the right amount of acidity (3:54–4:37). Taste terms are qualitative, not measured. No site or harvest date is stated; the video discusses generic Kishu, not the Seedless Kishu selection.
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Growing Citrus In Containers · YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=glD-RxtzMrc (opens in a new tab)
Summary from transcript: English auto-generated captions, 0:00–2:17 of 2:19; YouTube displayed “1 year ago,” not an exact publication date. The presenter harvests and tastes Kishu from a multigraft “5 in 1” mandarin tree (0:15–0:47). Fruit in this generic-Kishu tasting report is described as roughly walnut-sized, easy but not zipper-easy to peel, and seedless; the taster calls it very sweet and later says it is not acidic but a little tart (0:47–2:05). The video does not identify fruit as the Seedless Kishu selection. Site, rootstock, harvest date and measurements are unstated.
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Odenwald Honey and Tropical Fruits · YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BOGtXnTSiSg (opens in a new tab)
Summary from transcript: English auto-generated captions, 0:00–1:25 of 1:27; YouTube displayed “11 months ago,” not an exact publication date. The speaker points to a small Kishu tree receiving little care and says this is the first fruit eaten from that tree (0:15–0:34, 1:20–1:24). The tasted fruit has very thin skin, peels easily, and is called sweet and juicy; the speaker self-corrects to very minimal sourness, not bitterness (0:34–1:17). Site, rootstock and sample date are unstated. It is generic Kishu, not identified as the Seedless Kishu selection.
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Seattle Figs · YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bWnYVQTkblo (opens in a new tab)
Summary from transcript: English auto-generated captions, 0:00–1:08 of 1:09; YouTube displayed “6 years ago,” not an exact publication date. Uploader description says “kishu mandarin ripen 11/12/19”; this is preserved as uploader wording, not treated as a precise tasting date. The speaker calls it their first fruit from their own tree after previously having store fruit (0:12–0:24), and describes the sample as small, seedless and easy to peel. Their sweetness comparison is relative and no intensity score is stated (0:40–1:08). Title places the account in Seattle/PNW; rootstock and tree age are unstated. This is generic Kishu, not identified as Seedless Kishu.
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finestcitygarden · YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aj_cOk9m8ak (opens in a new tab)
Summary from transcript: English auto-generated captions, 0:00–12:25 of 12:25; exact upload date not verified. The speaker dates the Kishu tasting to Jan. 25, 2025 (1:09–1:18), says it is late to pick and about 100 fruit remain on the tree. Kishu is directly introduced for tasting at 8:22–8:24; tasters say it is pretty good, honey-like, mild, and has the least acid relative to the other samples (8:32–8:49). They report their fruit as seedless (6:06–6:10). These are late-season opinions about generic Kishu, not an identified Seedless Kishu accession or measured acidity. Kishu’s site and rootstock are unstated.
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NatAp22 · The Tropical Fruit Forum · 2025-06-17
https://www.tropicalfruitforum.com/index.php?topic=59093.0 (opens in a new tab)
Thread opened by NatAp22 on June 17, 2025. They report about 100 fruit dropping from a mature Kishu in June despite apparently healthy growth and moist soil, and later suspect permethrin spray but do not establish a cause. Separate reply by Brian describes two potted Kishus in a heated Pennsylvania greenhouse that set heavily and need thinning to avoid smaller fruit; Brian clarifies that the pictured container tree was his, not NatAp22’s. These are distinct grower accounts; conflicting suggested causes are not established.
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Tokurou Shimizu · Horticulturae / MDPI · 2022-06-20
https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/6/559 (opens in a new tab)
Section 3.3, “Hybrids Selected from Kishu and Kunenbo,” reports earlier genetic/genealogy studies that describe Kishu as a direct parent of 12 and an indirect parent of 24 cultivars through Naruto or Kunenbo, and Kunenbo as Kishu crossed with an unidentified seed parent. This is an integrative review of prior studies, not a new accession test of every cultivar called Kishu and not a study of Seedless Kishu/Mukaku. Official indexed full text and an accessible ResearchGate copy were cross-checked; direct retrieval of the official page and XML failed.
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SoCal2warm · UBC Botanical Garden Forums · 2019-03-27
Thread started by SoCal2warm on Mar. 27, 2019. It embeds Jim’s Dec. 2, 2010 note about keeping a Kishu mandarin potted indoors for protection and a Nov. 22, 2014 post that says the Kishu died the prior winter; Jim identifies the Troyer Citrange on its own roots as the Kishu’s rootstock. The 2013–14 freeze temperatures in that post concern the Troyer rootstock, not the Kishu’s death; no Kishu exposure temperature or duration is given. A separate Satsuma-parentage statement is the thread author’s research summary, not primary evidence.
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jibro (attribution in user-supplied excerpt) · Citrus Growers ProBoards (thread not independently retrieved)
https://citrusgrowersv2.proboards.com/thread/517/kishu-mandarin (opens in a new tab)
This record represents only a passage supplied by the user and attributed to jibro on Dec. 3, 2020; the thread page was blocked and metadata were not independently verified. The excerpt describes a greenhouse-grown plant labeled Kishu mikan, nearly ripe fruit at first snow, an asserted 16 °Brix without stated method, and relative flavor wording, while the grower explicitly doubts the identification because the fruit shape differs. Keep any resulting observation flagged for uncertain cultivar identity; it does not establish a Seedless Kishu selection.
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University of California, Riverside — Givaudan Citrus Variety Collection
https://citrusvariety.ucr.edu/crc0696 (opens in a new tab)
Official UCR page for Kinokuni mandarin CRC 0696 / PI 539270. It states that this accession was received as seed from P. J. Wester at Lamao, Bataan, in 1915 and says parents are unknown. Its notes say Dr. T. Tanaka identified it as Kinokuni in 1928 and distinguish a seedless Mukakukishu form imported in 1979 as CRC 3887. The page reproduces the 1967 Citrus Industry description of Kinokuni as an old Chinese-origin species and one of the earliest introduced into Japan; those are attributed historical statements, not proof of the cultivar’s origin.
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Hiroshi Fujii et al. · Breeding Science · 2016-10-15
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5282755/ (opens in a new tab)
Fujii et al. analyzed 67 citrus varieties and lines with 206 validated SNP markers and chloroplast markers. Their study includes Kishu mikan [7] in accession-specific candidate parentage analysis; their chloroplast findings describe Satsuma as having a Kishu-type seed-parent contribution and a Kunenbo-type pollen-parent contribution. These are study-sample conclusions and do not identify this catalog Kishu as accession [7] or change its recorded relationships.
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GreenGardenGuy1 · YouTube · 2020-11-30
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aY9HgVU43Eg (opens in a new tab)
Summary from transcript: English auto-generated captions, 0:02–9:42 of 9:45. At 1:21–1:56 the grower says Kishu fruit has very tender skin and Japanese white-eyes peck holes in soft-skinned citrus, causing fruit to rot in his East Hawai‘i area. This is local grower context, not a controlled comparison or cultivar-wide damage rate. The same video separately identifies his Page tree and tasting; do not transfer its Page tasting or planting observations to Kishu.
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