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World of CitrusWorld of CitrusKunenbo Mandarin
University of California, Riverside — Citrus Variety Collection
https://citrusvariety.ucr.edu/crc3346 (opens in a new tab)
Accessed
Tokurou Shimizu et al. · PLOS ONE · 2016-11-30
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0166969 (opens in a new tab)
Open-access DNA-marker study (CC BY 4.0). Apply only to the study accessions and preserve the authors’ stated identity and parentage limits; it does not by itself establish the identity of every catalog tree or clone bearing a matching cultivar name.
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Tokurou Shimizu · Horticulturae 8(6), article 559 · 2022-06-20
https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/6/559 (opens in a new tab)
Section 3.3 (“Hybrids Selected from Kishu and Kunenbo”) reports that Kunenbo is an offspring of Kishu crossed with an unidentified seed parent, citing prior whole-genome sequencing [42]. The article also summarizes prior genealogy work on Kishu’s direct and indirect descendants. This is an integrative account of published studies, not a new accession-specific Kunenbo experiment; it does not identify which catalog clone was tested. Do not use it to assert an accession-level pedigree or replace existing parentage components.
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Guohong Albert Wu et al. · Nature Communications 12:4377 · 2021-07-26
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24653-0 (opens in a new tab)
Whole-genome study of a 71-sample collection (69 Citrus accessions) describes the yukunibu group as F1 hybrids with a Kunenbo-mikan seed parent and diverse C. ryukyuensis pollen parents (Results, p. 5). Haplotype sharing in the sampled accessions is reported as implying that the Kunenbo-mikan genotype is parental to the group (Methods/analysis, p. 8). This is a study-genotype inference; the paper does not identify the sampled Kunenbo-mikan genotype as catalog UCR CRC 3346, Kunenbo-A, or Kunenbo-B. Do not treat it as confirmation of a full catalog-tree pedigree or infer a catalog pollen-donor role.
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Hiroshi Fujii et al. · Breeding Science 66(5):683–691 · 2016-10-15
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5282755/ (opens in a new tab)
Study of 67 citrus varieties/lines using 206 validated SNPs and MARCO. Table 4 lists Miyagawa-wase [27] with candidate parents Kishuu mikan [7] and Kunenbo [17]; its footnote leaves seed/pollen direction unclear (PMC lines 304–325). The authors’ chloroplast-marker analysis and discussion infer a likely Kishuu-mikan-type seed parent and Kunenbo-type pollen parent for satsuma (lines 327–341, 354–356). The panel includes Kunenbo [17], Kunenbo-Kagoshima [18], and Kunenbo-Kamikoshikijima [19], indistinguishable at the 206 SNPs; the authors note this may reflect synonymy, nucellar seedlings, or bud-sport derivatives (lines 275–279, 346). This is candidate-group evidence, not an accession match to UCR CRC 3346, Kunenbo-A, or Kunenbo-B, and it does not identify parents of the catalog Kunenbo record.
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Ben A. Faber · UC ANR Topics in Subtropics · 2021-08-18
https://ucanr.edu/blog/topics-subtropics/article/another-mandarin-species (opens in a new tab)
Secondary account of Kunenbo history and the Ryukyu yukunibu group. It says maritime trade brought Kunenbo from Indochina to Okinawa about 400–500 years ago and describes oto, kabuchii, tarogayo, and unnamed citrus as half-siblings formed with native Ryukyu mandarin (article lines 51–52). The article links Wu et al. 2021, already cited as source #4. This is an attributed historical account, not independent evidence or proof that the catalog record or UCR CRC 3346 is the sampled Kunenbo genotype.
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Heinz K. Wutscher, E. O. Olson, A. V. Shull, and Ascension Peynado · Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 95(3):259–261 · 1970-05
https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/view/journals/jashs/95/3/article-p259.pdf (opens in a new tab)
Rootstock trial of four-year-old nucellar ‘CES No. 3 Redblush’ grapefruit scions on 16 rootstocks, including ‘Kunenbo’, at a calcareous soil site (pH 8.4). The authors report larger trees and greener foliage for grapefruit on Kunenbo than on most tested rootstocks, with slight chlorosis by year four. Kunenbo is the rootstock in this experiment; the paper does not report fruiting Kunenbo scion traits or establish identity with the catalog clone/accession.
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Shengjun Liu et al. · Horticulture Research 12(5), uhaf015 · 2025-05-01
https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhaf015 (opens in a new tab)
Whole-genome analysis of 65 Citrus accessions includes a sample labeled Kunenbo mandarin (SRR14453877). In the Satsuma pollen-parent comparison, the authors report mean shared-fragment counts of 3,597.62 for Bendiguang and 3,584.35 for Kunenbo; they describe similar probabilities for those candidates and ultimately propose Ruju × Bendiguang for Satsuma (Results and Fig. 4). This is a study-sample result and Satsuma-origin hypothesis, not a parentage finding for the catalog Kunenbo record or proof that the sample is UCR CRC 3346, Kunenbo-A, or Kunenbo-B.
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Tokurou Shimizu and Keisuke Nonaka · Breeding Science 75(1):21–33 · 2025-03-25
https://doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs.24047 (opens in a new tab)
Review article summarizing prior citrus pedigree/genomics work. Table 2, explicitly compiled from Shimizu et al. 2016 (already cited as source #2), lists Kunenbo-A with an unidentified female parent and Kishu as male parent; N.D. means not identified and parentheses mark unresolved direction (Table 2 and notes). The review does not identify the studied Kunenbo-A as the catalog clone or UCR CRC 3346 and is not new genotyping.
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Yoshihiro Kawahara et al. · Plant and Cell Physiology, pcag133 · 2026-10-03
https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcag133 (opens in a new tab)
The accessible abstract describes a chromosome-scale phased genome for ‘Miyagawa wase’ using trio binning with parental genomes labeled Kishu mandarin and Kunenbo mandarin. The article record states that the accepted manuscript full text is PDF-only and subscriber-only; methods and accession-level identity could not be checked. This supports only the authors’ parental labels for that Miyagawa Wase study, not an identity match to catalog Kunenbo or UCR CRC 3346.
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